What is Thyroid gland?
The thyroid gland is one of the most important types of endocrine glands in the body. it is located in the front of the neck and resembles a butterfly, and it has an important role in the growth of the body's cells, regulating blood pressure, heart rate and body temperature, burning fat and regulating body hormones.
What is Thyroid cancer?
Thyroid cancer is one of the rare conditions that may affect the thyroid some patients discover that there is an abnormal growth of cells in the thyroid.
Sometimes this growth is non-cancerous and doesn't cause any problems. but in some rare cases, this growth of cells is a rare type of cancer that affects the thyroid gland.
This type of cancer is most common in people in their 30s and patients over 60 and women are more likely to get it than men.
Causes thyroid cancer:
Thyroid cancer happens when a change happens to the DNA of the thyroid gland cells. these changes are called mutations and when they happen, the cells grow abnormally very fast forming a tumor.
The tumor can then spread to other nearby areas of the body like the lymph nodes in the neck. but still, family and genetic history play a major role in increasing the chances of developing thyroid cancer.
Also many Studies have proven that people who are exposed to a lot of radiation are more susceptible to cancer along with some other factors like obesity and thyroid inflammation.
Symptoms of thyroid cancer:
Symptoms of thyroid cancer include:
•Feeling a lump in the neck
•Difficulty in swallowing
•Difficulty in breathing
•Unexplained changes in voice
•Sore throat that doesn't go away
•Neck pain and swollen lymph nodes in the neck.
Diagnosis for thyroid cancer:
When a doctor suspects that a patient may have thyroid cancer. he may first examine the patient's neck to feel the swollen lump in the thyroid.
Then he will recommend doing ultrasound imaging, blood tests showing the levels of the thyroid hormones, and also a biopsy test where the doctor inserts a thin needle to remove a very small sample part of the thyroid and send it to a lab to be tested.
Treatment for thyroid cancer:
Most thyroid cancers can be cured, but the treatment depends on the type of the cancer and on the overall health of the patient.
Some patients may have a very small growth and may not require treatment, as this swarm of cancer may never grow or spread to any other parts of the body. but most other forms need treatment.
Some doctors will prescribe radioactive iodine drugs to kill thyroid cells, but surgery is the most common treatment option for thyroid cancer patients.
In the surgery, a part or all of the thyroid is removed with the cancer cells. sometimes the lymph nodes are also removed if the cancer has reached them.
After the surgery, the doctor will prescribe drugs to replace the hormones that were produced by the thyroid. if all of the thyroid is removed, then these drugs are taken for the rest of the patient's life.
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